Ultrasound guided native renal biopsy: using a caudal angulated needle path to yield adequate cortical sample

Abstract

PURPOSE: To describe the caudal angulation technique for ultrasound guided native kidney biopsy and to compare complication rate with that available in literature.

MATERIAL & METHODS: Retrospective study of 60 consecutive patients who underwent Ultrasound guided renal biopsies between January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011 was carried out at a tertiary care center. The number of core biopsy samples and glomeruli per core were recorded, along with any ensuing complications.

RESULTS: Minimum of 2 biopsy core samples per case were taken by three consultant radiologists using caudal angulation technique. In all patients (success rate,100%) sufficient material was obtained for histopathology. Biopsy results showed mean of 24.5 +/- 8 glomeruli per specimen.

Three patients (5%) experienced minor self-limiting perinephric hematoma complication.

CONCLUSION: The caudal angulation needle approach under real time Uultrasound guidance in obtaining cortical tissue from the lower pole of the native kidney is an effective technique with very few complications. The success rate is higher without increase in complication rate even when more than two core specimen are taken.

KEY WORDS:  Renal biopsy, Ultrasound guidance, complications.