NAVIGATING THE CORONARY ARTERIES CORRIDORS: RADIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION OVER THE YEARS IN PAKISTANI POPULATION.

Belqees Yawar Faiz, Atif Rana, Rashed Nazir, Khurram Khaliq Bhinder, Fazal Ullah, Amna Mehboob, Namrah Khalid

Abstract


 

 

Aim/Objective:

To assess the pattern of coronary artery disease in Pakistani population according to year, gender, artery and dominance.

 

Background:

Coronary artery calcium scoring is being used frequently nowadays as a reliable tool in categorisation and prognosis of cardiovascular risk. Calcium scoring is an authentic predictor for diagnosing coronary artery disease having 99% negative predictor value, 91% sensitive and 64% specific.

 

Materials and Methods:

Total of 3146 patients of last 6 years were selected from the radiology database retrospectively from 2017 to 2023. Coronary angiography vessel based were analysed on Vitrea by consultants, using Toshiba 640 and Siemens 128 slice. Agatston CAC scoring was used in calculating the calcium. Patient’s demographics and data were obtained from our hospital record system.

 

Result:

Out of 3146 patients, 828 females and 1927 males with most common age group from 40-60 years, 1494 were diseased and artery most commonly involved was found to be LAD in about 687 patients, 509 males and 178 females followed by RCA and then LCX. Most of the patients were right dominant (1622 males & 706 females) followed by left dominance (217 males & 86 females) and least were codominant (88 males & 36 females).

 

Conclusion:

Calcium scoring should be assessed in all of the patients whether symptomatic or asymptomatic to evaluate cardiovascular risk irrespective of age, year and gender.

 

Key Words:

Coronary Artery Disease, CT Coronary Angiography, Coronary Calcium Scoring.

 


Full Text:

PDF

References


Lawesson SS, Swahn E, Pihlsgård M, Andersson T, Angerås O, Brolin EB, Bergdahl E, Blomberg M, Christersson C, Gonçalves I, Gunnarsson OS. Association between history of adverse pregnancy outcomes and coronary artery disease assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography. JAMA. 2023 Feb 7;329(5):393-404.

Liu W, Zhang Y, Yu CM, Ji QW, Cai M, Zhao YX, Zhou YJ. Current understanding of coronary artery calcification. Journal of geriatric cardiology: JGC. 2015 Nov;12(6):668.

Bentzon JF, Otsuka F, Virmani R, Falk E. Mechanisms of plaque formation and rupture. Circulation research. 2014 Jun 6;114(12):1852-66.

Achenbach S. Computed tomography coronary angiography. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2006 Nov 21;48(10):1919-28.

Volgman AS, Palaniappan LS, Aggarwal NT, Gupta M, Khandelwal A, Krishnan AV, et al. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in South Asians in the United States:epidemiology, risk factors, and treatments:a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;138(1):e1–34. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000580

George J, Mathur R, Shah AD, Pujades-Rodriguez M, Denaxas S, Smeeth L, et al. Ethnicity and the first diagnosis of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases:Associations in a linked electronic health record cohort of 1 million patients. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0178945. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178945.

Ahmed ST, Rehman H, Akeroyd JM, Alam M, Shah T, Kalra A, et al. Premature coronary heart disease in South Asians:burden and determinants. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2018;20(1):6. doi:10.1007/s11883-018-0706-1.

Chiles C, Duan F, Gladish GW, et al; NLST Study Team . Association of coronary artery calcification and mortality in the national lung screening trial: a comparison of three scoring methods. Radiology . 2015;276:82–90.

Balakrishnan R, Nguyen B, Raad R, Donnino R, Naidich DP, Jacobs JE, Reynolds HR. Coronary artery calcification is common on nongated chest computed tomography imaging. Clin Cardiol. 2017 Jul;40(7):498-502. doi: 10.1002/clc.22685. Epub 2017 Mar 16. PMID: 28300293; PMCID: PMC6490415.

Blaha MJ, Cainzos-Achirica M, Greenland P, et al. Role of Coronary Artery Calcium Score of Zero and Other Negative Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Circulation 2016;133(9):849–858.

Miedema MD, Dardari ZA, Nasir K, et al. Association of Coronary Artery Calcium With Long-term, Cause-Specific Mortality Among Young Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2019;2(7):e197440.

Rozanski A, Gransar H, Shaw LJ, et al. Impact of coronary artery calcium scanning on coronary risk factors and downstream testing the EISNER (Early Identification of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Noninvasive Imaging Research) prospective randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57(15):1622–1632


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


© Copyright PJR 2008-