The Role of CT abdomen in evaluation of hematuria due to urinary tract pathologies

CT abdomen and hematuria

Abstract

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:-
Hematuria can be either grossly visible (Macro hematuria) or only detectable
under a microscope (Micro hematuria). Micro hematuria is often asymptomatic and has a
prevalence of 4–5% in routine clinical practice (1) . It may be due to an underlying disease of the
kidneys or the urogenital tract. In this article, we provide an overview of the causes of
hematuria and of the recommendations of current guidelines for its diagnostic evaluation.

OBJECTIVE:-
In this study we aim to evaluate the patients with CT Abdomen who present with
the history of either, micro-hematuria or macro-hematuria, its pathological causes and the
diagnostic accuracy of CT Abdomen in detecting the cause of hematuria.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:-
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study.
STUDY SETTING:-
Department: Diagnostic Radiology.
Unit: Computed Tomography.
Hospital: Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation.
DURATION OF STUDY: The study period of this research project is 4 months. (August 2023
November 2023).
SAMPLE SIZE: The sample size for this study is 50 patients.

4

RESULTS:-
Total 50 patients were included in this study, out of these 50 patients, 18 (36%) were females
and 32 (64%) patients were male. In total 50 study subjects, the mean age of the patients
having hematuria is 50.06 ranges between 18 - 80 years. In these 50 patients, 31 (62%) have
gross hematuria while 19 (38%) have microscopic hematuria.
Among all 50 patients with hematuria,
❖ 14 (28%) patients have Renal Mass.
❖ 13 (26%) patients have Bladder Mass.
❖ 13 (26%) patients have Calculi.
❖ 7 (14%) patients have Renal Cyst. ❖ 3 (6%) patients have UTI.
In patients with Neoplastic Mass, 52% have Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) and 48% have
Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC).
In patients with Calculus, 62% have Renal Calculi and 38% have Ureteric Calculi.
In patients with Renal Cyst, 44% have Bosinak I type, 28% have Bosinak II type and 28% have
Bosinak III and IV type Renal Cyst.

CONCLUSION:-
Multi Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) is a very efficient modality for
assessing and diagnosing the possible causes of hematuria in patients undergoing CT Abdomen
and has a primary role in early and accurate diagnosis of patients with different types of urinary
tract complications. CT can diagnose wide spectrum of diseases associated with hematuria with
good accuracy and considered the initial and comprehensive imaging modality for evaluation of
hematuria.

KEYWORDS:-
Computed Tomography (CT), Hematuria, Abdomen, Urinary Tract Pathologies.